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The effect of exposure of guinea pigs to 100% O2 for 48 hours was assessed to determine how hyperoxic exposure affects blood and bronchoalveolar (BALF) biochemistry and histology. The O2-exposed group had higher BALF total protein (TP), phospholipid (PL), phosphatidylcholine (PC), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (G-PX) values than the control group. These findings suggested an increase in the permeability of endothelial cells and an increase in the secretion of surfactant. The percentages of PC, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylinositol (PI), on the other side, did not change. Although the surfactant level in the BALF of the exposed group increased, its phospholipid composition did not appear to change. The simultaneous increases in antioxidant enzymes, G-PX and GSH may protect against the toxicity of oxygen free radicals. These changes occurred in BALF in the absence of any biochemical changes in blood, except for small decreases in SOD and GSH. No histological changes in the bronchoalveolar system were found. The above findings suggested that exposure of guinea pigs to 100% O2 for 48 hours might cause an increase in surfactant secretion from type II pneumocytes and an increase in the permeability of endothelial cells.

Effect of Exposure to 100% O2 for 48 Hours on Blood and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Biochemistry and Lung Morphology in Guinea Pigs.