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A variety of organophosphorus compounds with low acute toxicity levels are widely used as pesticide. This paper reports on the effects of several organophosphorus compounds and 2-pyridine aldoxime methiodide (PAM) on rat serum cholinesterase (ChE) activity and isoenzyme. The following results were obtained. 1. Twenty bands of serum ChE isoenzyme from normal rats were detected by electrophoretic separation on polyacrylamide gradient gel. The inhibition patterns of separated ChE isoenzyme obtained by incubated it in vitro with various organophosphorus oxon-types were different. 2. The serum ChE activity in rats was inhibited by the administration of various organophosphorus compounds (1/2 LD50, p.o.). The spontaneous recovery of the enzyme was comparatively rapid in rats treated with Dichlorvos or Parathion, but it was slow in those treated with Fenitrothion or Pyridaphenthion. The effects of PAM which had been administered at the same time on the recovery of the serum ChE activity was marked in those rats treated with Parathion or Pyridaphenthion. 3. Serum ChE isoenzyme patterns in rats administered various organophosphorus compounds were different, but each of them was similar to the respective pattern inhibited in vitro. Of the twenty bands of serum ChE isoenzyme, band 7 was specifically reactivated by the administration of PAM, and PAM was effective in reactivating serum ChE to rats treated with Parathion or Pyridaphenthion, which specifically had inhibited band 7 of ChE isoenzyme. 4. Of the twenty bands of non-specific ChE isoenzyme, acetylcholinesterase activity was highest in band 4, 5, 7, and butyrylcholinesterase activity was highest in band 5. PAM seemed to be able to reactivated the high acetylcholinesterase activity in band 7 of ChE isoenzyme, and it was effective only for those organophosphorus compounds which specifically had inhibited band 7, such as Parathion and Pyridaphenthion.

Effects of Organophosphorus Compounds and the Efficacy of PAM on Rat Serum Cholinesterase Activity and Isoenzyme