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Membrane phospholipid composition was studied in the erythrocytes of cobalt-treated and control rabbits. The results showed that there were no changes in the percentages of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in control animals, when erythrocytes were incubated with hydrogen peroxide. However, when erythrocytes from cobalt-treated rabbits were incubated with hydrogen peroxide, a significant decrease in the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic and linoleic acid, and a reciprocal increase in saturated fatty acids, palmitic and stearic acid were found in total phospholipid and phosphatidylethanolamine. A more than twofold increase in the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) was generated after peroxide threatened the erythrocyte, and plasma α-tocopherol (vitamin E), a biologic antioxidant, doubled in the cobalt-treated rabbits. In spite of the increase of MDA concentration in the erythrocytes of cobalt-treated rabbits, no hemolysis could be found by following three tests: osmotic fragility test, in vitro lytic sensitivity test of erythrocytes to hydrogen peroxide, and lysis test of erythrocytes incubated in the medium containing p-chloromercuribenzoate.

The effects of cobalt on the composition of phospholipid fatty acids in rabbit erythrocytes.