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We investigated the in situ gene expression profile of sulfur-turf microbial mats dominated by an uncultured large sausage-shaped Aquificae bacterium, a key metabolic player in sulfur-turfs in sulfidic hot springs. A reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that the genes responsible for sulfide, sulfite, and thiosulfate oxidation and carbon fixation via the reductive TCA cycle were continuously expressed in sulfur-turf mats taken at different sampling points, seasons, and years. These results suggest that the uncultured large sausage-shaped bacterium has the ability to grow chemolithoautotrophically and plays key roles as a primary producer in the sulfidic hot spring ecosystem in situ.

microbes and environments

&lt;i&gt;In Situ&lt;/i&gt; Gene Expression Responsible for Sulfide Oxidation and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Fixation of an Uncultured Large Sausage-Shaped &lt;i&gt;Aquificae&lt;/i&gt; Bacterium in a Sulfidic Hot Spring