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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are sequence-specific negative regulators of gene expression generated by DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) with the assistance of a double-stranded RNA-binding protein, HYPONASTIC LEAVES1 (HYL1), in  Arabidopsis . To achieve a better understanding of miRNA biogenesis, we isolated  hyl1  suppressors. Our genetic screening identified a novel semidominant mutation in  DCL1  ( dcl1-13 ), which causes an amino acid substitution of Glu-395 with Lys in the ATPase/DExH-box RNA helicase domain. This mutation confers significant restoration from the developmental abnormality and a reduction in the level of miRNA in the loss-of-function mutant of  HYL1 . However, the  dcl1-13  single mutant, exhibiting a decreased number of leaves, showed a slight decrease in miRNA accumulation. Thus, the effect of the  dcl1-13  mutation is HYL1 dependent: it promotes miRNA processing in the absence of  HYL1 , but conversely, impairs it in the presence of HYL1. Our results suggest significant roles of the helicase domain of DCL1, which remain unclear to date, possibly in relation with HYL1.

A dominant mutation in DCL1 suppresses the hyl1 mutant phenotype by promoting the processing of miRNA