English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The adsorption and movement of carbaryl on soils in surfactant-free and surfactant (cationic, non-ionic, anionic) solutions of different critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) has been studied using batch equilibrium and soil thin layer chromatography (soil TLC) techniques. The adsorption of carbaryl in surfactant–soil–water systems followed the order cationic > anionic > non-ionic as anticipated from the Freundlich constant, KF, and distribution coefficient, KD, values. The Rf values obtained from soil TLC studies were inversely proportional to the KF and KD values. The affinities of carbaryl towards organic carbon and the clay content of the soil were compared using the KOC and KC values. The behaviour of carbaryl in surfactant–soil–water systems mainly depends on the degree of hydrophobicity of the pesticide and the type and concentration of surfactant used. The KD*/KD ratios were used to evaluate the remediation efficiency of surfactants and it was found that anionic surfactant is a better choice for remediation of contaminated soils. The remediation efficiency of non-ionic surfactant varies with the nature of the soils whereas cationic surfactant leads to poor remediation efficiency. The results obtained are interesting as they afford the basic data relating to the possible use of surfactants for solving pollution problems posed by carbaryl.

Evaluation of the Effect of Surfactants on the Adsorption and Movement of Carbaryl in Soils of Divergent Texture