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Ninety-two mice were divided into 2 groups and 2.5 mg/kg of d-amphetamine sulfate was given to one group, and 10 mg/kg of morphine hydrochloride to the other, at daily intervals. These two groups were then further divided into flicking light-presented and non-presented groups. The acute effects of the drugs on the ambulatory activity of each mouse were observed for 180 min after the drug administration. The motor-accelerating effect of both drugs was progressively enhanced with repeated administration. After the drugs were administered 10 times, physiological saline was given subcutaneously to the mice and the motor-accelerating effect of the drugs could be observed for a short time, especially in the flicking light-presented groups. This effect disappeared after repeated administration of saline solution at daily intervals for 6 days. Thus, the motor-accelerating effect produced by saline is considered to have been elicited as the result of conditioning between the conditioned stimuli (flicking light and other environmental factors) and drug effects.

CONDITIONED DRUG EFFECTS TO d-AMPHETAMINE- AND MORPHINE-INDUCED MOTOR ACCELERATION IN MICE: EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH FOR PLACEBO EFFECT