English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Insulin is the only 'hypoglycemic' hormone synthesized in and secreted from the pancreatic beta cell. Type 2 diabetes results from both secretory failure in the beta cell and insulin resistance in the target tissues for insulin. Attempts to develop anti-diabetic drugs that induce insulin secretion from residual beta cells in type 2 diabetic patients originate from the serendipitous discovery of sulphonylureas as hypoglycemic agents 60 years ago. Generally, secretion is carried out by sequential processes such as granule formation, intracellular traffic, granule docking/priming and the final step, exocytosis (secretory cascade). In the beta cell, recent progress in cell biology enables us to analyze each step in the secretory cascade and to reveal controlling mechanisms. This review describes regulatory mechanisms of insulin release by distinct nutrients, hormones and neurotransmitters, and roles of second messengers and protein phosphorylation in the insulin secretory cascade. Possible development of insulinotropic drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes has been also discussed.

Regulation of insulin release: Analysis of the insulin secretory cascade and possible contribution to novel anti-diabetic drug development.