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Background:  Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is categorized as a Class I recommendation in guidelines for the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, nationwide studies on CR in patients with ACS remain limited in Japan.  Methods and Results:  The Japanese Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation (JACR) Registry is a nationwide, real-world database for patients participating in CR. From the JACR Registry database, we analyzed 924 patients participating in Phase II CR in 7 hospitals between September 2014 and December 2016. The mean age of patients was 65.9±12.0 years, and 80% were male. The prevalence of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI (NSTEMI), and unstable angina pectoris (UAP) was 58%, 9%, and 33%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, current smoking, and a family history was 55%, 27%, 67%, 21%, and 10%, respectively. Among the entire CR cohort at baseline, 96%, 78%, and 92% were treated with aspirin, β-blockers, and statins, respectively. After CR, the values of body mass index, the lipid profile, and exercise capacity significantly improved in the STEMI, NSTEMI and UAP groups.  Conclusions:  In the JACR Registry, a high rate of guideline-recommended medications at baseline and improvements in both coronary risk factors and exercise capacity after CR were observed in patients with ACS.

circulation reports

Effects of Phase II Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation on Risk Factor Modification and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome ― Results From the JACR Registry ―