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The diagnosis and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) require special expertise. Physicians often encounter this disease in clinical practice, but there are few randomized clinical studies on the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, especially that on optimal treatment options. In 2002, The Japanese Circulation Society published the “Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy” (Chair: Junichi Yoshikawa). In 2007, the guidelines were revised to add new findings obtained during the five years after the launch of the first edition (Chair: Yoshinori Doi), and the second edition was used widely in clinical practice. During the five years after the release of the second edition, the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF)/ the American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) provided new guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of cardiomyopathies. We decided to revise the guidelines to reconfirm the definition of HCM and add new findings. Since few randomized clinical studies are available for the diagnosis and treatment of HCM, not only data in Japan but also those in Western countries were referred in this revision as in the previous ones. However, new clinical data have been accumulated consistently for 10 years since the release of the first edition of this guideline document. A number of new genetic mutations associated with HCM have been reported. Physicians are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of differentiating HCM from other conditions such as Fabry disease that may cause HCM-like cardiac hypertrophy but requiring different treatment. The clinical use of diagnostic imaging techniques especially cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become common, and physicians understand better the clinical significance of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on contrast-enhanced MRI. New findings have also been obtained for risk factors in high-risk patients. In the present revision, a section on device therapy is newly added to the chapter on non-pharmacotherapy to describe implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in addition to the descriptions on pacemaker therapy in the previous versions. Data on the midand long-term outcome of percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) are added in this revision. In the present revision of the guidelines, members of the expert committee discussed in depth, and independent assessment committee members provided comments to make the

Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (JCS 2012) – Digest Version –