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For better understanding of gas and particle motion in a fluidized bed, we numerically solved the locally averaged three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and the Lagrangian equations /or particle motion while taking into account the collisions between particles, and gas-particle mutual interaction. Finite difference methods were used. This simulation obtained locally averaged variables, such as gas velocities, by averaging point variables over the very small region of one computational cell. Small stress terms caused by fluctuations in locally averaged values were ignored at the present stage. In calculating collisions, particles were regarded as hard spheres with a collision time of zero, meaning that collisions occur between only two particles. Results show that the hard sphere collision model can be used to simulate flow fields in fluidized beds whose particle concentrations are relatively dilute.

Numerical Simulation of Three Dimensional Fluidized Bed Using Nozzles at Bottom and Experimental Verification.