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Three types of silica-zirconia membranes of different zirconia content were prepared by the sol-gel method to test their stability and H2 separation performance in hydrothermal conditions. Some silica-zirconia membranes were prepared by “steam-firing” in which firing was carried out in steamed air in order to increase the hydrothermal stability, and then tested in hydrothermal conditions. The activation energy of H2 and He permeation increased with increasing zirconia content, suggesting that the networks of silica-zirconia matrix were densified with increasing zirconia content. In the hydrothermal conditions, the activation energy of H2 and He permeation also increased, indicating clearly that silica-zirconia membranes were also densified by water vapor at high temperature. The pores for N2, Co2 and CH4 permeation decreased with the increasing zirconia content and vanished in the hydrothermal conditions, leaving some pinholes. Some silica-zirconia membranes were prepared by firing in steamed air in order to increase the hydrothermal stability. This method appeared to be effective to increase hydrothermal stability of the silica-zirconia membrane.

Hydrothermal Stability and Performance of Silica-Zirconia Membranes for Hydrogen Separation in Hydrothermal Conditions.