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We first compared a speech signal with two reverberations, normal reverberation and its time-reversed version, that have the same modulation transfer function. Results showed that intelligibility of speech with the time-reversed reverberation was significantly less than that with the normal reverberation. We then compared the results of human speech recognition (HSR) with those of automatic speech recognition (ASR) to see whether a similar tendency could be observed in both cases. Results showed the similar asymmetry in ASR, but we found the HSR was more tolerant even though reverberation becomes longer. Finally, we discussed factors of asymmetric temporal properties in speech production and perception that current speech recognizers do not have.

Time-reversed reverberation yields lower speech recognition rate by human and machine