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PURPOSE: Dietary guidelines for sodium intake is less than 2,300 mg/day, yet 90% of Americans exceed this value. This study examined individuals resistant to salt-induced changes in blood pressure to determine the impact of a high sodium diet on blood flow regulation during upper and lower limb exercise. METHODS: Six young (25 ± 2 years) males followed recommended dietary sodium intake guidelines on two separate weeks, with one week supplemented with salt capsules (HS: 6,900 mg/day of sodium) and the other week supplemented with placebo capsules (LS: 2,300 mg/day of sodium). Resting central hemodynamic measurements [heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)] were evaluated the end of each diet. Peripheral hemodynamic measurements [blood flow (BF), shear rate (SR), and flow mediated dilation (FMD)/SR)] of the brachial and superficial femoral artery were taken during rhythmic (1 Hz), progressive handgrip (HG) and plantar flexion (PF) exercise, respectively. Exercise workloads were three minutes in length and increased by increments of 8 kilograms until exhaustion. RESULTS: Between each diet (LS and HS) there were no significant differences in resting MAP (82 ± 4 v 80 ± 5 mmHg; p = 0.3), HR (56 ± 6 v 59 ± 10 bpm; p = 0.4), or HRV (2.7 ± 1.9 v 8.3 ± 15.1 LF/HF; p = 0.4). During progressive HG and PF exercise the BF, SR, and FMD/SR were significantly increased by workload (p < 0.03 for all), but not different between diets (p > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION: Despite previous evidence reporting a HS diet can impair resting vascular function, this study revealed that peripheral vascular function and blood flow regulation during exercise is not impacted by a HS diet in salt resistant individuals.

Effects Of Dietary Sodium Intake On Blood Flow Regulation During Exercise In Salt Resistant Individuals