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Perfluorinated compounds are widespread in the environment, animals, and humans, and have been proposed to be included in the list of persistent or- ganic pollutants that have the potential to cause a global pollution problem similar to that caused by ex- isting persistent organic pollutants. Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the chronic effects of the am- monium salt of pentadecafluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and the potassium salt of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on the reproduction and biochemical re- sponses of aquatic animals. Reproduction of Daphnia magna was a more sensitive response than survival or enzyme activities in daphnia exposed to PFOA or PFOS. No observed effect concentrations (NOECs) of daphnia reproduction were 1 and 10mg/l after 21days of exposure to PFOA and PFOS, respectively. The median lethal concentration (LC50 )a nd survival NOEC values of PFOA for Daphnia magna were all greater than 100mg/l after 21days of exposure. The LC50 and survival NOEC values of PFOS were 9.1mg/l and 5mg/l after 21days exposure. No sig- nificant changes in cholinesterase, catalase and heme peroxidase activities were observed between controls and exposure to PFOA or PFOS. This suggests that these enzyme activities are not sensitive biomarkers of exposure to these two chemicals or their effects in daphnids after chronic treatment. Based on the results of this study and other findings published in the literature, it is suggested that current PFOS and PFOA levels in freshwater may have no harmful im-

Chronic Effects of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate on Biochemical Parameters, Survival and Reproduction of Daphnia magna