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Through bioassay-guided separation of the methanol extracts of Indonesian medicinal plants, three inhibitors of the Na+/H+ exchange system, erythrinin B (2), euchrenone b10 (3), and 1,3,5-trihydroxy-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthen-9-one (4), were isolated from the bark of Erythrina variegata (Fabaceae) (for 2) and the roots of Maclura cochinchinensis (Moraceae) (for 2, 3, 4). Compounds 2, 3, and 4 significantly inhibited the Na+/H+ exchange system of arterial smooth muscle cells, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.25, 1.25, and 10 micrograms/ml, respectively. Three new prenylated xanthones named isocudraniaxanthones B (5) and A (7) and isoalvaxanthone (9) were also isolated from M. cochinchinensis and the chemical structures were elucidated on the bases of their chemical and physicochemical properties.

Indonesian Medicinal Plants. XXI. Inhibitors of Na+/H+ Exchanger from the Bark of Erythrina variegata and the Roots of Maclura cochinchinensis.