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An accumulating body of evidence suggests that males and females differ in vascular function in arteries under pathophysiological states. In this study, we tested whether there was a sex difference associated with serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)-mediated contraction in the carotid arteries of long-term streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats [viz. 23 or 24 weeks after STZ (65 mg/kg, intravenously (i.v.)) injection starting at 8 weeks old of rats]. In the control group, the 5-HT- and high-K + -induced contractions were greater in females than in males. In both sexes, treatment with STZ led to a decrease of 5-HT-induced contraction in carotid arteries compared to controls. In STZ-induced diabetic rats, the carotid arterial 5-HT-induced contraction was greater in female rats than in diabetic male rats. The high-K + -induced contraction was greater in diabetic female rats than in either age-matched female controls or diabetic male rats. Expression of the 5-HT 2A receptor, which is the main receptor for 5-HT-induced contraction in rat carotid arteries, was similar among the four groups. These results suggest that decreased 5-HT-induced carotid arterial contraction is seen in both sexes under long-term STZ-induced diabetic conditions. Further, this reduction seems to be weaker in females than in males. This alteration of 5-HT-induced contraction may be partly associated with increased voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channel activity.

Effect of Long-Term Diabetes on Serotonin-Mediated Contraction in Carotid Arteries from Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male and Female Rats