English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

We examine the pharmacokinetic profile of cyclosporin A (CyA) after intravenous administration to rats prepared as models of various disease states found in patients who receive organ transplantations. After intravenous bolus administration to normal rats, the total blood clearance (CLt) of CyA showed a dose-dependent increase. The CLt was reduced in anemic (ANE) rats prepared by venesection, in carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatic failure (AHF) rats, and in glycerol-induced acute renal failure (ARF) rats. On the other hand, the volume of distribution at a steady state (Vss) of CyA increased significantly in ANE and aged (AGE) rats. CyA distribution was tissue-specific, and the tissue CyA concentration was disease state-dependent. Linear relationships between the CyA concentration in whole blood and various tissues (liver, kidney and heart) were found in AGE, ANE and AHF animals. However, in ARF rats, tissue concentration was not increased to a great extent in comparison with the other disease models, even though the whole blood CyA concentration was increased. The tissue per blood concentration ratio (Kb), which represented the CyA tissue transfer from systemic circulation, was influenced by the disease state. In the liver, in particular, the Kb increased in the AHF and AGE groups, whereas it decreased in the ANE and ARF rats. The CLt of CyA was negatively related to the erythrocyte per plasma concentration ratio (E/P), and the E/P exhibited disease state-dependent changes, suggesting that this ratio is a valuable indicator for predicting variations in CyA total blood clearance in organ transplant patients during episodes of anemia, nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.

Pharmacokinetics of Cyclosporin A after Intravenous Administration to Rats in Various Disease States.