English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

CRH neurons projecting from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus to the median eminence control hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. However, CRH neurons outside the PVN as well as PVN neurons projecting to sites other than the median eminence also contribute to the stress response and may play a role in mood and anxiety disorders. We have attempted to investigate possible noradrenergic and opioid regulation of these non-HPA CRH neurons. We hypothesized that yohimbine (an alpha2-adrenergic antagonist) would have stimulatory action on non-HPA CRH neurons, whereas naloxone (a mu-opioid receptor antagonist) would not have this effect. Adult normal volunteers received i.v. yohimbine (n = 5; 0.4 microg/kg), naloxone (n = 4; 125 microg/kg), or placebo (n = 3; 0.9% saline). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected continuously, and concentrations of CSF CRH, CSF norepinephrine (NE), and plasma cortisol were measured. Administration of either yohimbine or naloxone caused significant increases in plasma cortisol concentrations over time. Although yohimbine robustly increased CSF NE levels and appeared to increase CSF CRH levels, these effects were not seen after naloxone or placebo administration. Intraindividual correlations were not observed between the measured concentrations of plasma cortisol and CSF CRH for any of the subjects. The results support the idea that CSF CRH concentrations reflect the activity of non-HPA CRH neurons. Although both yohimbine and naloxone stimulated the HPA axis, only yohimbine appeared to have stimulatory effects on central NE and non-HPA CRH.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Healthy Humans: Effects of Yohimbine and Naloxone1

Cerebrospinal Fluid Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Healthy Humans: Effects of Yohimbine and Naloxone¹