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Progesterone induces a LHRH surge in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rhesus monkeys, with a concomitant increase in the pulse frequency of neuropeptide Y (NPY) release. However, the role for NPY in the positive feedback action of progesterone on LHRH release in primates is unknown. The present study examines the effect of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide for NPY messenger RNA (AS NPY) on the progesterone-induced LHRH surge in vivo using push-pull perfusion. The AS NPY was directly infused into the stalk-median eminence (S-ME), whereas perfusates were collected for assessment of LHRH release. For a control, a scrambled oligodeoxynucleotide was infused. The results indicate that 1) the scrambled oligodeoxynucleotide did not interfere with the progesterone-induced LHRH surge, 2) whereas AS NPY blocked the progesterone-induced increase in LHRH release, and 3) no LHRH surges were induced by oil as a control for progesterone, but the AS NPY also reduced LHRH release in oil controls. These data suggest that 1) AS NPY infusion into the S-ME results in reduction in LHRH release; and 2) NPY release in the S-ME is important for the positive feedback effects of progesterone on LHRH release in estrogen-primed ovariectomized monkeys.

The Role of Neuropeptide Y in the Progesterone-Induced Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Surge in Vivo in Ovariectomized Female Rhesus Monkeys*