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The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is a Ca2+ release channel that plays a pivotal role in regulating intracellular Ca2+ levels in resting cells. Three isoforms of IP3Rs have been identified, and they all possess a large regulatory domain that covers about 60% of the protein. This regulation is accomplished by interaction with small molecules, posttranslational modifications, and mostly protein-protein interactions. In our search for new binding partners of the IP3R, we found that 90-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90) binds to the IP3R. This interaction increased on stimulation of HEK293T6.11 cells with insulin but not with Gq protein-coupled receptor (GqPCR) agonists. Moreover, the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA) disrupted the interaction between Hsp90 and the IP3R. Pretreatment of HEK293T6.11 cells with GA greatly increased the intracellular Ca2+ release induced by a GqPCR agonist. Insulin alone did not induce any intracellular Ca2+ release. However, insulin diminished the intracellular Ca2+ release induced by a GqPCR agonist. Interestingly, GA abolished the inhibitory effect of insulin on GqPCR-induced intracellular Ca2+ release. Furthermore, in our search for a mechanistic explanation to this phenomenon, we found that inhibition of kinases activated downstream of the insulin receptor greatly increased the interaction between Hsp90 and the IP3R. Of greater interest, we found that the simultaneous inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin and the Src kinase almost completely disrupted the interaction between Hsp90 and the IP3R. These results demonstrate that insulin promotes the interaction of Hsp90 with the IP3R to dampen its Ca2+ release activity by a complex mechanism involving mammalian target of rapamycin and the Src kinase.

Insulin Promotes the Association of Heat Shock Protein 90 with the Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor to Dampen Its Ca2+ Release Activity