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Context Insulin resistance is a risk factor for breast cancer recurrence. How exercise training changes fasting and postglucose insulin resistance in breast cancer survivors is unknown. Objective To evaluate exercise-induced changes in postglucose ingestion insulin concentrations, insulin resistance, and their associations with cancer-relevant biomarkers in breast cancer survivors. Setting The University of Massachusetts Kinesiology Department. Participants 15 postmenopausal breast cancer survivors not meeting the physical activity guidelines (150 min/week of exercise). Intervention A supervised 12-week aerobic exercise program (60 min/day, 3–4 days/week). Main outcome measures Postglucose ingestion insulin was determined by peak insulin and area under the insulin curve (iAUC) during a 5-sample oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin sensitivity was estimated from the Matsuda composite insulin sensitivity index (C-ISI). Changes in fitness and body composition were determined from submaximal VO2peak and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results Participants averaged 156.8 ± 16.6 min/week of supervised exercise. Estimated VO2peak significantly increased (+2.8 ± 1.4 mL/kg/min, P &amp;lt; .05) and body weight significantly decreased (–1.1 ± 0.8 kg, P &amp;lt; .05) following the intervention. There were no differences in fasting insulin, iAUC, C-ISI, or peak insulin following the intervention. Insulin was only significantly lower 120 min following glucose consumption (68.8 ± 34.5 vs 56.2 ± 31.9 uU/mL, P &amp;lt; .05), and there was a significant interaction with past/present aromatase inhibitor (AI) use for peak insulin (–11.99 non-AI vs +13.91 AI uU/mL) and iAUC (-24.03 non-AI vs +32.73 AI uU/mL). Conclusions Exercise training had limited overall benefits on insulin concentrations following glucose ingestion in breast cancer survivors but was strongly influenced by AI use.

Metrics of Diabetes Risk Are Only Minimally Improved by Exercise Training in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors