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The coexistence of weak ferromagnetism and superconductivity in ErNi$_{2}$B$%_{2}$C suggests the possibility of a spontaneous vortex phase (SVP) in whichvortices appear in the absence of an external field. We report evidence for thelong-sought SVP from the in-plane magnetic penetration depth $\Delta \lambda(T)$ of high-quality single crystals of ErNi$_{2}$B$_{2}$C. In addition toexpected features at the N\'{e}el temperature $T_{N}$ = 6.0 K and weakferromagnetic onset at $T_{WFM}=2.3 $K, $\Delta \lambda (T)$ rises to a maximumat $T_{m}=0.45$ K before dropping sharply down to $\sim $0.1 K. We assign the0.45 K-maximum to the proliferation and freezing of spontaneous vortices. Amodel proposed by Koshelev and Vinokur explains the increasing $\Delta \lambda(T)$ as a consequence of increasing vortex density, and its subsequent decreasebelow $T_{m}$ as defect pinning suppresses vortex hopping.Comment: 5 pages including figures; added inset to Figure 2; significant  revisions to tex

Observation of the spontaneous vortex phase in the weakly ferromagnetic superconductor ErNi 2 B 2 C: A penetration depth study

Observation of the spontaneous vortex phase in the weakly ferromagnetic superconductor ErNi ₂ B ₂ C: A penetration depth study