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The equation of state for a two-dimensional hard-sphere gas is difficult tocalculate by usual methods. In this paper we develop an approach forcalculating the equation of state of hard-sphere gases, both for two- andthree-dimensional cases. By regarding a hard-sphere gas as an ideal gasconfined in a container with a multi-core (excluded sphere) boundary, we treatthe hard-sphere interaction in an interacting gas as the boundary effect on anideal quantum gas; this enables us to treat an interacting gas as an ideal one.We calculate the equation of state for a three-dimensional hard-sphere gas withspin $j$, and compare it with the results obtained by other methods. By thisapproach the equation of state for a two-dimensional hard-sphere gas can becalculated directly.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur

Hard-sphere gases as ideal gases with multi-core boundaries: An approach to two- and three-dimensional interacting gases