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A combined study with use of time-domain pump-probe spectroscopy andtime-domain terahertz transmission spectroscopy have been carried out on anunderdoped Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+{\delta}}$ thin film. It was observed thatthe low energy multi-excitation states were decomposed into superconducting gapand pseudogap. The pseudogap locally opens below $T^*{\simeq}210$ Ksimultaneously with the appearance of the high-frequency partial pairs around1.3 THz. With decreasing temperature, the number of the local domains with thepartial phase coherence increased and saturated near 100 K, and the macroscopicsuperconductivity appeared below 76 K through the superconductivity fluctuationstate below 100 K. These experimental results indicate that the pseudogap makesan important role for realization of the superconductivity as a precursor toswitch from the partial to the macroscopic phase coherence.Comment: Revtex4, 4 pages, 4 figure

Partial and macroscopic phase coherences in an underdoped Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ thin film

Partial and macroscopic phase coherences in an underdoped Bi ₂ Sr ₂ CaCu ₂ O _{8 + δ} thin film