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Time resolved measurements of quasiparticle (QP) relaxation dynamics on thefemtosecond timescale are reported as a function of temperature and doping inYBa2Cu3O(7-x) for (0.48 < x < 0.1). In the underdoped state (x > 0.15), thereis no evidence for any changes in the low-energy gap structure at Tc fromeither photoinduced QP absorption or QP relaxation time data. In combinationwith the sum rule, this implies the existence of pre-formed pairs up to a muchhigher temperature T*. Near x = 0.1 a rapid cross-over is observed, to a statewhere the QP recombination time diverges and the photoinduced QP density fallsto zero at Tc, indicating the existence of a temperature-dependentsuperconducting gap which closes at Tc.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Europhysics Letter

europhysics letters

Evidence for crossover from a Bose-Einstein condensate to a BCS-like superconductor with doping in YBa2Cu3O7 − δfrom quasiparticle relaxation dynamics experiments