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We report on the experimental observation of solitons propagating along atorus of fluid. We show that such a periodic system leads to significantdifferences compared to the classical plane geometry. In particular, wehighlight the observation of subsonic elevation solitons, and a nonlineardependence of the soliton velocity on its amplitude. The soliton profile,velocity, collision, and dissipation are characterized using high resolutionspace-time measurements. By imposing periodic boundary conditions ontoKorteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, we recover these observations. A nonlinearspectral analysis of solitons (periodic inverse scattering transform) is alsoimplemented and experimentally validated in this periodic geometry. Our workthus reveals the importance of periodicity for studying solitons and could beapplied to other fields involving periodic systems governed by a KdV equation.

Experimental observation of periodic Korteweg-de Vries solitons along a torus of fluid