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Nowadays there is an increasing interest of physicists in findingregularities related to social phenomena. This interest is clearly motivated byapplications that a statistical mechanical description of the human behaviormay have in our society. By using this framework, we address this work to coveran open question related to elections: the choice of elections candidates(candidature process). Our analysis reveals that, apart from the socialmotivations, this system displays features of traditional out-of-equilibriumphysical phenomena such as scale-free statistics and universality. Basically,we found a non-linear (power law) mean correspondence between the number ofcandidates and the size of the electorate (number of voters), and also thatthis choice has a multiplicative underlying process (lognormal behavior). Theuniversality of our findings is supported by data from 16 elections from 5countries. In addition, we show that aspects of network scale-free can beconnected to this universal behavior.

Scaling laws and universality in the choice of election candidates