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In this paper, based on a non-Hermitian toric-code model, we surprisinglyfind that the degeneracy of ground states can be changed by a localnon-Hermitian perturbation (even in thermodynamic limit). We call itnon-Hermitian avalanche effect. As the physics consequences of thenon-Hermitian avalanche effect, a correspondence between bulk quasi-particlesand topologically protected degenerate ground states for Z2 topological orderis borken down. In addition, the PT symmetry breaking transition of thetopologically degenerate ground states subspace can be observed by fidelitysusceptibility.

Non-Hermitian Avalanche Effect: Non-Perturbative Effect Induced by Local Non-Hermitian Perturbation on a Z2 Topological Order