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A superconductor in a magnetic field has surface currents that prevent themagnetic field from penetrating its interior. These currents carry kineticenergy and mechanical momentum. When the temperature is raised and the systembecomes normal the currents disappear. Where do the kinetic energy andmechanical momentum of the currents go, and how? Here we propose that theanswer to this question reveals a key necessary condition for materials to besuperconductors, that is not part of conventional BCS-London theory:superconducting materials need to have hole carriers.

The disappearing momentum of the supercurrent in the superconductor to normal phase transformation