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A non-expanded theory is used for dispersion potentials between atoms andions dissolved in a medium. The first-order dispersion interaction between twoatoms in an excited state must account for the fact that the two atoms arecoupled via the electromagnetic field and must include effects from backgroundmedia, retardation and finite size. We show that finite-size corrections whentwo particles are close change the dispersion interactions in water by severalorders of magnitude. We consider as four illustrative examples helium atoms,krypton atoms, phosphate ions, and iodide ions. We demonstrate that, due tolarge cancellation effects, retardation dominates the interaction for heliumatom pairs in an isotropic excited state down to the very small atom-atomseparations where finite-size corrections are also important

Finite size dependent dispersion potentials between atoms and ions dissolved in water