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101 Background: In 1990-92, 633 infants with a birth weight ≤100 g (ELBW) and a gestational age (GA) ≥23 wks were born in Sweden. Of infants born at 23, 24, 25 and 26 wks, 8%, 28%, 54% and 71% respectively, were alive at one year of age. Aim. To assess neurosensory outcome and growth at 36 months corrected age. Subjects. Of 370 survivors, 362 children were examined at a median age of 36 months (corrected). Methods. Local pediatricians carried out a physical examination. Formal psychometric testing was not done. Results. Mean height, weight and head circumference were significantly lower than reference values. The cerebral palsy incidence was 13.8%, 10.1%, and 3.2%, and at least one handicap was present in 14%, 10% and 3% of children born at a GA of 23-24; 25-26 and ≥ 27 wks, respectively. After adjusting for GA, children with intraventricular hemorrhage grade ≥3 and/or periventricular leucomalacia and those with retinopathy stage ≥3 had a significantly increased handicap risk. Conclusions. ELBW infants born in Sweden at 25 wks have a reasonable good chance of long-term outcome without neurosensory impairment. In infants born at 23-24 wks survival and long-term outcome is less favorable.

Neurosensory outcome and growth at three years in extremely low birth weight infants. Follow up results from the Swedish national prospective study