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On the basis of the recently recognized potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to give rise to hepatocytes, we have assessed the potential of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized bone marrow-derived CD34 +  HSCs to contribute to faster recovery and promote regeneration process after acute liver injury by radiation.    Methods  G-CSF-mobilized CD34 +  HSCs (1 × 10 5  cells per mouse) were injected via tail vein in the irradiated femal nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice. Irradiated control animals received only saline infusion.    Results  The mobilized CD34 +  HSCs significantly ameliorated radiation-induced liver damage. In the liver of recipient mice killed 21 days after irradiation, human albumin +  Y-chromosome +  hepatocyte-like cells, or human cytokeratin +  Y-chromosome +  hepatocyte-like cells formed cords of hepatocytes, occupied ~30% of the 4-μm section surrounding portal tracts. Furthermore, human-specific albumin mRNA expressed in the liver and human albumin was detected in the serum only in the CD34 +  HSC-treated mice.    Conclusions  Treatment with G-CSF-mobilized CD34 +  HSCs from bone marrow into peripheral blood could significantly promote tissue reparation after acute liver injury by radiation in mice, possibly by the ability of CD34 +  HSCs to generate hepatocytes. So mobilization of CD34 +  HSCs might offer a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of radiation-induced complications after radiotherapy or other acute liver diseases in humans.

Human CD34+ cells mobilized by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ameliorate radiation-induced liver damage in mice