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This paper deals with a systematic study on the co-doping N,S on TiO 2  photocatalyst to improve its activity under visible light on the removal of Pb(II) from the aqueous media. The co-doping TiO 2  by N,S atoms was conducted in an autoclave by one-step hydrothermal of TiO 2  mixed with nitric and sulfuric acids as the sources of N and S, respectively. The mole ratio of TiO 2 :nitric acid:sulfuric acid was varied as 1:1:0.5, 1:1:1, and 1:1:1.5 to find the best ratio toward the activity. The co-doped photocatalysts obtained were characterized by specular reflectance UV/Vis (SRUV), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) instruments. A batch experiment was carried out for oxidation of Pb(II), driven by a combination of visible light and TiO 2 -N,S photocatalyst. The research results attribute that co-doping N,S into TiO 2  has remarkably narrowed the gap in the TiO 2  structure, emerging in the visible region. It was also proven that the co-doped in TiO 2  can considerably enhance its activity in the removal of Pb(II) under visible light, and the highest activity was owned by TiO 2 -N,S (1:1:1). Furthermore, the most effective removal of Pb(II) 10 mg/L (98%) could be reached by employing 500 mg L -1  of the TiO 2 -N,S (1:1:1) dose, 45 min of the time, and the solution pH at 7. The Pb(II) removed is due to the photo-oxidation induced by OH radicals to form the handleable PbO 2 .

Enhancement of TiO2 activity under visible light by N,S codoping for Pb(II) removal from water