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Background Acute leukemias are malignant neoplastic diseases that arise from either lymphoid [ALL] or myeloid [AML] cell lines that are distinguished by the proliferation of BM non-functional immature cells and subsequently released into the bloodstream. ALL is prevalent malignancy in young, while AML in older. Diagnosis is usually routinely performed through peripheral blood count and smear then confirmed by BM aspirate. It is remarkable to notice that leukemia can be manifested at high, low, and even at normal leucocyte count. While treatment results have improved steadily over the last decades in younger and adults, limited changes have been in survival among subjects of age &gt; 60 years. Aim of the work is to measure the serum estrogen [E2] and its soluble receptor [ER] levels in acute leukemia patients and extrapolate its possible clinical significance. This study included 40 [20 females and 20 males] healthy volunteers clinically free from any disease, 40 [20 females and 20 males] AML patients, and 40 [20 females and 20 males] ALL. To all subjects, serum E2 and its soluble ER level were investigated by ELISA. Results Serum E2 [pg/ml] level was lower in AML and ALL female and male patients groups than control group. Serum ER [ng/ml] level was lower in AML and ALL female and male patients groups than control group. Conclusion Estimation of serum E2 and its soluble ER level is of edifying diagnostic value. Determination of serum E2 and its soluble ER level in AML and ALL patients is of value in deciding treatment therapeutic target protocol.

Serum estrogen and its soluble receptor levels in Egyptian patients with acute leukemia: case-control study