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Phytopathogenic fungi in the order  Diaporthales  ( Sordariomycetes ) cause diseases on numerous economically important crops worldwide. In this study, we reassessed the diaporthalean species associated with prominent diseases of strawberry, namely leaf blight, leaf blotch, root rot and petiole blight, based on molecular data and morphological characters using fresh and herbarium collections. Combined analyses of four nuclear loci, 28S ribosomal DNA/large subunit rDNA ( LSU ), ribosomal internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 with 5.8S ribosomal DNA ( ITS ), partial sequences of second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB2 ) and translation elongation factor 1-α ( TEF1 ), were used to reconstruct a phylogeny for these pathogens. Results confirmed that the leaf blight pathogen formerly known as  Phomopsis obscurans  belongs in the family  Melanconiellaceae  and not with  Diaporthe  (syn.  Phomopsis ) or any other known genus in the order. A new genus  Paraphomopsis  is introduced herein with a new combination,  Paraphomopsis obscurans , to accommodate the leaf blight fungus.  Gnomoniopsis fragariae  comb. nov. ( Gnomoniaceae ), is introduced to accommodate  Gnomoniopsis fructicola , the cause of leaf blotch of strawberry. Both of the fungi causing leaf blight and leaf blotch were epitypified. Fresh collections and new molecular data were incorporated for  Paragnomonia fragariae  ( Sydowiellaceae ), which causes petiole blight and root rot of strawberry and is distinct from the above taxa. An updated multilocus phylogeny for the  Diaporthales  is provided with representatives of currently known families.

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Molecular reassessment of diaporthalean fungi associated with strawberry, including the leaf blight fungus, Paraphomopsis obscurans gen. et comb. nov. (Melanconiellaceae)