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Tayiba Formation situated at the entrance of Wadi El-Tayiba. It unconformably overlies the Late Eocene Tanka Formation and unconformably underlies the Early Miocene Nukhul Formation. Severely authors studied this formation geologically, stratigraphically, and petrographically. But, geochemical studies on the rare earth elements to illustrate the depositional environments are seldom. Results were revealed that, mineralogically, the carbonate rocks in the Tayiba Formation are mainly composed of calcite, dolomite, quartz and clay minerals. The terminal parts of the studied Tayiba Formation are more dolomitized relative to the middle beds. Geochemical analysis revealed that the carbonates of Tayiba Formation were deposited under shallow, oxidizing, marine environment. The dolomitization process has taken place in marine environment. Carbonate rocks of the Tayiba Formation are highly enriched in trace elements and highly to moderately rare earth elements. The studied carbonate rocks characterized by light REE (LREE) enrichment than heavy REE (HREE). The redox-sensitive and rare earth elements study indicates that the carbonate rocks in the Tayiba Formation were deposited under anoxic to oxic marine environment. Also, the trace and rare earth elements values indicated that the studied carbonate rocks are mainly hydrogenous sources. These elements may be derived from more mafic sources.

Geochemical studies of carbonates of the Tayiba Formation (Upper Eocene), Abu Zenima area, West Central Sinai