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Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an economic crop which has a dual purpose, for seeds and fibers. Biofertilizers have a significant effect on several metabolic processes; enhance plant growth and development via increasing of photosynthesis, endogenous hormones, ion uptake, nucleic acid, and protein synthesis. Thus this study deals with investigating the enhancing role of biofertilizers on the quality and quantity of three flax cultivars. A field experiment were carried out at the experimental Station of National Research Centre, Nubaria district, El-Behera Governorate, Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 on flax cultivars (Line-3, Linola, and Sakha-1). Application of biofertilization treatments (Mycorrhiza, milk whey, yeast, and yeast extract as soil drench or foliar application, respectively) affects significantly most of the studied characters. Data show significant variations in vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, phenolic content, as well as seed yield, yield components, and nutritive value (oil, protein, flavonoid, and phenolic content) of the yielded seeds between three flax cultivars. Sakha-1 cultivar showed more adaptation to the conditions of sandy soil than the linola and Line-3 cultivars and reflected on the highest significant value of seed yield. All applied treatments caused significant increases in seed yield and its components of three flax cultivars under investigation. Sakha-1 cultivar showed the highest significant increase in seed yield/fed due to yeast extract treatment followed by milk whey treatment. Further, mycorrhiza treatment significantly increased seed yield of linola cultivar. Regarding Line-3, the highest significant increase in seed yield/fed was obtained by milk whey and yeast extract treatments respectively. Yeast extract treatment is the most promising treatment that showed the highest significant increase in nutritive value of seed yield for the three flax cultivars under investigation. Yeast treatment caused the highest increase in total unsaturated fatty acid accompanied by the lowest decrease in total saturated fatty acid of three flax cultivars.

Influence of biofertilizers on growth and some biochemical aspects of flax cultivars grown under sandy soil conditions