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Background  Radio-adaptive response (RAR) is transient phenomena, where cells conditioned with a small dose (priming) of ionizing radiation shows significantly reduced DNA damage with a subsequent high challenging dose. The role of DNA double strand break repair gene polymorphism in RAR is not known. In the present study attempt was made to find out the influence of NHEJ repair gene polymorphisms [a VNTR;  XRCC5  (3R/2R/1R/0R); two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs);  XRCC6  (C/G) and  XRCC7  (G/T)] with DNA damage, repair and mRNA expression in human PBMCs in dose and adaptive response studies. Genomic DNA extracted from venous blood samples of 20 random healthy donors (16 adaptive and 4 non-adaptive) and genotyping of NHEJ repair genes was carried out using PCR amplified length polymorphism.    Results  The dose response study revealed significant positive correlation of genotypes at  XRRC5  (3R/2R/1R/0R),  XRCC6 (C/G) and  XRCC7  (G/T) with DNA damage. Donors having genotypes with 2R allele at  XRCC5  showed significant positive correlation with mRNA expression level (0R/2R:  r  = 0.846,  P  = 0.034; 1R/2R:  r  = 0.698,  P  = 0.0001 and 2R/2R:  r  = 0.831,  P  = 0.0001) for dose response. Genotypes C/C and C/G of  XRCC6  showed a significant positive correlation ( P  = 0.0001), whereas, genotype T/T of  XRCC7  showed significant negative correlation ( r  = − 0.376,  P  = 0.041) with mRNA expression.    Conclusion  Interestingly, adaptive donors having C/G genotype of  XRCC6  showed significantly higher ( P  < 0.05) mRNA expression level in primed cells suggesting their role in RAR. In addition, NHEJ repair gene polymorphisms play crucial role with radio-sensitivity and RAR in human PBMCs.

genes and environment

Radio-adaptive response and correlation of non-homologous end joining repair gene polymorphisms [XRRC5 (3R/2R/1R/0R), XRCC6(C/G) and XRCC7 (G/T)] in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to gamma radiation