English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background Research results on the training intensity distribution (TID) in endurance athletes are equivocal. This non-uniformity appears to be partially founded in the different quantification methods that are implemented. So far, TID research has solely focused on sports involving the lower-body muscles as prime movers (e.g. running). Sprint kayaking imposes high demands on the upper-body endurance capacity of the athlete. As there are structural and physiological differences between upper- and lower-body musculature, TID in kayaking should be different to lower-body dominant sports. Therefore, we aimed to compare the training intensity distribution during an 8-wk macrocycle in a group of highly trained sprint kayakers employing three different methods of training intensity quantification. Methods Heart rate (HR) and velocity during on-water training of nine highly trained German sprint kayakers were recorded during the final 8 weeks of a competition period leading to the national championships. The fractional analysis of TID was based on three zones (Z) derived from either HR (TID Bla-HR ) or velocity (TID Bla-V ) based on blood lactate (B la ) concentrations (Z1 ≤ 2.5 mmol L −1  B la , Z2 = 2.5–4.0 mmol L −1  B la , Z3 ≥ 4.0 mmol L −1  B la ) of an incremental test or the 1000-m race pace (TID Race ): Z1 ≤ 85% of race pace, Z2 = 86–95% and Z3 ≥ 95%. Results TID Bla-V  (Z1: 68%, Z2: 14%, Z3: 18%) differed from TID Bla-HR  (Z1: 91%, Z2: 6%, Z3: 3%) in each zone (all  p  &lt; 0.01). TID Race  (Z1: 73%, Z2: 20%, Z3: 7%) differed to Z3 in TID Bla-V  ( p  &lt; 0.01) and all three TID Bla-HR  zones (all  p  &lt; 0.01). Individual analysis revealed ranges of Z1, Z2, Z3 fractions for TID Bla-HR  of 85–98%, 2–11% and 0.1–6%. For TID Bla-V , the individual ranges were 41–82% (Z1), 6–30% (Z2) and 8–30% (Z3) and for TID Race  64–81% (Z1), 14–29% (Z2) and 4–10% (Z3). Conclusion The results show that the method of training intensity quantification substantially affects the fraction of TID in well-trained sprint kayakers. TID Race  determination shows low interindividual variation compared to the physiologically based TID Bla-HR  and TID Bla-V . Depending on the aim of the analysis TID Race , TID Bla-HR  and TID Bla-V  have advantages as well as drawbacks and may be implemented in conjunction to maximize adaptation.

Retrospective Analysis of Training Intensity Distribution Based on Race Pace Versus Physiological Benchmarks in Highly Trained Sprint Kayakers