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Background  Some endurance athletes exhibit exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia during high-intensity exercise. Inhalation of hyperoxic gas during exercise has been shown to counteract this exercise-associated reduction in hemoglobin oxygen saturation (S a O 2 ), but the effects of hyperoxic gas inhalation on performance and S a O 2  during high-intensity intermittent exercise remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of hyperoxic gas inhalation on performance and S a O 2  during high-intensity intermittent cycling exercise.    Methods  Eight male cyclists performed identical intermittent exercise tests (five sets of 3-min high-intensity cycling alternated with 3-min active recovery periods) under two different inspired air conditions, hyperoxia (HO; F i O 2  = 0.36) and normoxia (NO; F i O 2  = 0.21). The fifth set of each test was terminated at exhaustion, and the exercise time to exhaustion was recorded. Variables associated with arterial oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) were measured using an ear pulse oximeter.    Results  Time to exhaustion under HO conditions was significantly longer than under NO conditions (34.9 ± 4.6 vs. 30.0 ± 2.5 min,  P  = 0.004, ES = 1.32). SpO 2  was maintained under HO conditions but decreased under NO conditions.    Conclusions  Hyperoxic gas inhalation during the entire high-intensity intermittent exercise enhanced exercise performance in male cyclists.

Hyperoxia Extends Time to Exhaustion During High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise: a Randomized, Crossover Study in Male Cyclists