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We investigated diatom assemblages for the last 19 ka in a piston core KY07-04 PC01 collected from the northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea. Most of the diatom taxa in the Core KY07-04 PC01 were subtropical to temperate marine species throughout the core. Pronounced turnover of major diatom groups from periphytic to planktonic taxa occurred during deglaciation between 17 and 14 ka ago. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to early deglaciation, the representative taxa were  Paralia  spp., a periphytic diatom abundant in continental shelves of the modern East China Sea covering the Chinese Coastal Water. Relative abundances of  Paralia  spp. rapidly decreased during 15–14 ka ago, corresponding to sea-level rise, displaced by planktonic taxa such as  Thalassionema .  Thalassionema nitzschioides  varieties living in subtropical water increased since 12 ka and have reached the present level at 8 ka ago, suggesting strengthening the influences of Kuroshio water in the northern East China Sea during the early to middle Holocene. Warm planktonic diatom taxa such as  Nitzschia bicapitata  also gradually increased from 12 to 8 ka ago. Near the core top, a sudden increase in  N. bicapitata  might relate to the intensifying Kuroshio during the latest Holocene.

Changes in surface water masses in the northern East China Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum based on diatom assemblages