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Background  Plant ZIP genes represent an important transporter family involved in metal transport. Evidence has implied that some ZIPs may contribute to plant Cd uptake, but a genome-wide examination of ZIPs’ role in Cd tolerance and uptake has rarely been reported. In this study, a genome-wide bioinformatic screening of candidate ZIP genes in  Arabidopsis  and rice was performed, followed by a systematic determination of their expression profile in response to Cd stress. Typical up-regulated ZIPs genes were then expressed in yeast cells to examine their effect on hosts’ Cd uptake.    Results  A total of 27 ZIP genes in  Arabidopsis  and rice were screened out based on sequence similarity. In  Arabidopsis , Cd exposure strongly impacted the expression of most ZIPs, among which  AtIRT1 ,  AtIRT2 ,  AtIRT4 AtZIP9 ,  AtZIP10  and  AtZIP12  were sharply up-regulated and  AtIRT3 ,  AtIRT5  were significantly down-regulated in root. In rice, all tested genes in shoot except for  OsIRT1  and  OsIRT12  were sharply up-regulated, while  OsIRT1  and  OsZIP1  in root were significantly down-regulated. Interestingly, some genes like  AtIRT3 ,  AtZIP5 ,  AtZIP12 ,  OsIRT1  and  OsZIP1  showed converse expression regulation when subject to the tested Cd stress. When expressed in yeast cells, three ZIPs,  AtIRT1 ,  OsZIP1  and  OsZIP3 , caused a substantial increase in Cd sensitivity and Cd accumulation of the host cells.    Conclusions  In conclusion, this study revealed a distinct pattern in ZIPs family genes expression between  Arabidopsis  and rice in response to Cd stress.  Arabidopsis  mainly up-regulated root ZIPs genes, while rice mainly up-regulated shoot ZIPs genes. Three genes,  AtIRT1 ,  OsZIP1  and  OsZIP3 , conferred an increased Cd accumulation and sensitivity to Cd stress when expressed in yeast cells, further implying their roles in Cd uptake in plants.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s40529-018-0238-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Arabidopsis and rice showed a distinct pattern in ZIPs genes expression profile in response to Cd stress