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Background  Sows are frequently subjected to various stresses during late gestation and lactation, which trigger inflammatory response and metabolic disorders. Dietary fiber can influence animal health by modulating gut microbiota and their by-products, with the effects depending upon the source of the dietary fiber. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of different fiber sources on body condition, serum biochemical parameters, inflammatory responses and fecal microbiota in sows from late gestation to lactation.    Methods  Forty-five multiparous sows (Yorkshire × Landrace; 3–6 parity) were assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments from d 85 of gestation to the end of lactation (d 21 post-farrowing): a control diet (CON, a corn-soybean meal diet), a sugar beet pulp diet (SBP, 20% SBP during gestation and 10% SBP during lactation), and a wheat bran diet (WB, 30% WB during gestation and 15% WB during lactation).    Results  Compared with CON, supplementation of SBP decreased ( P  < 0.05) lactation BW loss, reduced ( P  < 0.05) serum concentration of total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and increased ( P  < 0.05) fecal water content on d 110 of gestation and d 21 of lactation, while supplementation of WB reduced ( P  < 0.05) serum concentration of total cholesterol on d 110 of gestation, increased ( P  < 0.05) fecal water content and decreased ( P  < 0.05) serum interleukin-6 concentration on d 110 of gestation and d 21 of lactation. In addition, sows fed SBP had lower ( P  < 0.01) abundance of  Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1  and  Terrisporobacter  than those fed CON, but had greater ( P  < 0.05) abundance of  Christensenellaceae_R-7_group  and  Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002  than those fed the other two diets on d 110 of gestation. On d 21 of lactation, supplementation of SBP decreased ( P  < 0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes and  Lactobacillus , but enriched ( P  < 0.05) the abundance of  Christensenellaceae_R-7_group ,  Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group ,  Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002 ,  Prevotellaceae_UCG_001  and  unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae  compared with WB. Compared with CON, sows fed SBP had greater ( P  < 0.05) fecal concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total SCFAs during gestation and lactation, while sows fed WB only had greater ( P  < 0.05) fecal concentration of butyrate during lactation.    Conclusions  Supplementation of dietary fiber during late gestation and lactation could improve sow metabolism and gut health, and SBP was more effective than WB.

journal of animal science and biotechnology/journal of animal science and biotechnology

Impact of sugar beet pulp and wheat bran on serum biochemical profile, inflammatory responses and gut microbiota in sows during late gestation and lactation