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Background  The aim of this study was to investigate whether lateral differences in the cross-sectional areas of the hip and thigh muscles were related to curve sprinting time.    Methods  Thirteen college students (10 men and 3 women; mean ± SD: age, 20.4 ± 1.7 years; height, 167.6 ± 8.9 cm; mass, 57.4 ± 5.4 kg) participated in this study. The participants were instructed to sprint along a circular track (23 m radius) in the counterclockwise and clockwise directions. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the cross-sectional area of the psoas major, quadriceps femoris, and hamstring muscles. The symmetry index was used to evaluate the lateral differences in the cross-sectional area.    Results  The lateral difference was observed in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the thigh muscles, not in the psoas major muscle. The sprint time was not significantly different between the counterclockwise (22.15 ± 2.27 s) and clockwise (22.13 ± 2.32 s) directions. No significant correlations were found between the symmetry index of the thigh muscles and the cross-directional differences in sprint time. However, the symmetry index of the psoas major muscle correlated significantly with the cross-directional difference in sprint time ( r  = −0.614,  P  = 0.026).    Conclusions  These findings suggest that the participants in whom the cross-sectional area of the psoas major muscle of the outer leg was larger than that of the inner leg were faster in curve sprinting.

Relationship between lateral differences in the cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle and curve running time