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EmrAB  operon is known for multidrug resistance in bacteria and yet has not been reported related to heavy metal resistance or antibiotics/heavy metal co-resistance. Strain  Staphylococcus aureus  LZ-01 which was isolated from industrial wastewater discharging site can co-resist to 6 mM Cr(VI) and 0.75 mg/ml ampicillin. Transcriptome data showed that an  emrAB  operon was upregulated (1.29-folds for  emrA,  2.14-folds for  emrB ) under 0.4 mM Cr(VI) treatment. Quantitative PCR results revealed that this operon was upregulated (1.60-folds for  emrA,  2.34-folds for  emrB ) after 0.20 mg/ml ampicillin treatment. Mutant strain with  emrA  gene knockout resulted in a 0.83-folds decrease in chromate resistance, and a 0.80-folds decrease in ampicillin resistance; while  emrB  knockout strain resulted in a 0.33-folds decrease in chromate resistance, and a 0.60-folds decrease in ampicillin resistance. The complemented strains of both deletion mutants basically restored their resistant performance. The presence of 0.50 mM Cr(VI) induced an elevation in ampicillin resistance from 0.50 to 2.50 mg/ml in the strain LZ-01, similarly, its Cr(VI) resistance was also found to be elevated from 6 to 10 mM by 0.15 mg/ml ampicillin induction. The induction effect could be eliminated by deletion of  emrA  or  emrB . Our results demonstrated that the chromosomal  emrAB  operon in  Staphylococcus aureus  LZ-01 was a new type of multidrug resistance system, which conferred both ampicillin and chromate resistance to host cells inhabiting polluted environments.   Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-3253-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Multidrug resistance operon emrAB contributes for chromate and ampicillin co-resistance in a Staphylococcus strain isolated from refinery polluted river bank