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Five white-rot basidiomycetes (WRB) species have been evaluated for their potential to tolerate and to degrade 0.2 mM 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) as well as to produce laccase and manganese peroxidase (MnP) in presence of this xenobiotic. The tested fungal strains produced laccase in both glycerol and mandarin peels-containing media, whereas in the glycerol-containing medium only  Cerrena unicolor  strains and  Trametes versicolor  BCC 775 secreted MnP. Replacement of glycerol by milled mandarin peels 3- to 45-fold increased laccase activity, promoted  C. unicolor  strains and  T. versicolor  MnP secretion and induced this enzyme production by  Fomes fomentarius  BCC 38 and  Funalia trogii  BCC 146. Differential response of the WRB strains to the TNT addition was observed. In particular, laccase activity of  C. unicolor  increased 2- to 3-fold in both media whereas no stimulation of the laccase production was revealed in cultivation of  F. fomentarius . TNT practically did not affect the MnP activity. Two strains of  C. unicolor  followed by  T. versicolor  producing laccase and MnP almost completely removed 0.2 mM TNT from the synthetic medium. Increase of TNT concentration from 0 to 0.4 mM in the mandarin peels-based medium and from 0 to 0.3 mM in the glycerol-containing medium stimulated  C. unicolor  BCC 300 laccase production from 92.4 to 240.7 U/ml and from 17.1 to 48.6 U/ml, respectively. This strain has been resistant to the TNT high concentration and has ability to remove 85 % of initial 0.3 mM TNT content during 6 days of the submerged cultivation.

Trinitrotoluene and mandarin peels selectively affect lignin-modifying enzyme production in white-rot basidiomycetes