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Purpose   Capnocytophaga canimorsus  ( Cani ) and  Capnocytophaga cynodegmi  ( Cyno ) are found in the oral cavities of dogs and cats. They can be transmitted to humans via licks or bites and cause wound infections as well as severe systemic infections.  Cani  is considered to be more pathogenic than  Cyno , but the pathophysiological mechanisms are not elucidated.  Cani  has been suggested to be resistant to serum bactericidal effects. Thus, we hypothesized that the more invasive  Cani  would exhibit a higher degree of serum-resistance than the less pathogenic  Cyno.Methods  Whole blood and serum bactericidal assays were performed against  Cani - (n = 8) and  Cyno -strains (n = 15) isolated from blood and wound-specimens, respectively. Analysis of complement-function was performed by heat-inactivation, EGTA-treatment and by using C1q-depleted serum. Serum and whole blood were collected from healthy individuals and from patients (n = 3) with a history of sepsis caused by  Cani .    Results  Both  Cani  and  Cyno  were equally susceptible to human whole blood and serum.  Cani  was preferentially killed by the classical pathway of the complement-system whereas  Cyno  was killed by a partly different mechanism. Serum from 2/3  Cani -infected patients were deficient in MBL-activity but still exhibited the same killing effect as control sera.    Conclusion  Both  Cani  and  Cyno  were readily killed by human whole blood and serum in a complement-dependent way. Thus, it is not likely that serum bactericidal capacity is the key determinant for the clinical outcome in  Cani  or  Cyno -infections.

Rapid killing of Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi by human whole blood and serum is mediated via the complement system