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In through wall radar sensing, the wall parameters estimation (WPE) problem has been a topic that attracts a lot of attention since the wall parameters, i.e., the permittivity and the thickness, are of crucial importance to locate the targets and to produce a well-focused image, but they are usually unknown in practice. To solve this problem, in this paper, the support vector regression (SVR), a powerful tool for regression analysis, is introduced, and its performance on WPE, provided it is used it in the regular way, is investigated. Unfortunately, it is shown that the regular use of SVR cannot afford satisfactory estimation results since the sample data used in SVR, namely the received echoes from the walls, are seriously interfered with the echoes from the targets which are located near the walls. In view of this limitation, a novel SVR-based WPE approach that consists of three stages is proposed by this paper. In the first stage, three regression functions are trained by SVR, one of which will output the estimate of the permittivity in the second stage, and the others are designed to output two instrumental variables for estimating the thickness. In the third stage, the estimate of thickness will be achieved by minimizing a predefined cost function wherein the estimated permittivity and the outputted instrumental variables are involved. The better robustness and higher estimation accuracy of the proposed approach compared to the regular use of SVR are validated by the numerical experimental results using finite-difference time-domain simulations.

Wall parameters estimation based onsupport vector regression for through wall radar sensing