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Artemisia species are important traditional medicinal plants of Ethiopia which are used for the treatment of infection and non-infection health problems. The genus  Artemisia  (Astraceae) consists of about 500 species worldwide. In this study, the main aim was to investigate chemical components of  Artemisia  spp. ( A. abyssinica,  A.  absinthium  and A.  annua ) and evaluate their antimicrobial activities against bacterial strains. The results indicated that the crude extract of these plants was effective against selected bacterial strains. Here we isolated the well-known antimalarial drug artemisinin (7 mg, 0.004%) from  Artemisia annua  leaves using a rapid  n -hexane fractionation method .  The  n- hexane extract of  A. abyssinica,  ethyl acetate extract of  A. absinthium  and  n -hexane of  A .  annua  showed varying degrees of inhibiting effect against bacterial strains such as S taphylococcus aureus  ATCC 25923  T ,  Salmonella enteritidis  ATCC13076 T ,  Klebsiella pneumoniae  ATCC1053 T ,  boydii  ATCC1233 T ,  Escherichia coli  ATCC 25922  T , hospital acquired  Acinetobacter baumannii.  The ethyl acetate extract of  Artemisia absinthium  (A.ab e ) showed the maximum inhibiting effect (35 mm) against  A. baumannii . The minimum zone of inhibition (&lt; 3 mm) was recorded for test extract of A.ap against  Klebsiella pneumoniae  ATCC1053 T . Ethyl acetate extract of  A, absinthium  (A.abe) was more effective against these selected bacterial strains and the zone of inhibition ranged from 5 to 35 mm. The minimum inhibition zone (8 mm) was detected against  S. typhimurium  ATCC 13311  T  for both A.ac and n-hexane- EtOAc fraction (8:2) of  A, abyssinica . The maximum zone of inhibition (25 mm) for fraction (A.ach F4) of  A, abyssinica  obtained by column chromatography was recorded against  S. pyogen ATCC  19,615. However, there was no zone of inhibition detected for  boydii  ATCC1233 T  due to these test extracts. Significant variations (P ≥ 0.05) were observed between all test extracts of these medicinal plants at 95% of confidence intervals. In this study, clear zones of inhibition were detected for the positive control (standard impregnated disks). Based on our results we recommend that various species of  Artemisia  spp. seem to have the potential for in-depth investigation for various antimicrobial activities that assisting the effort in searching for antimicrobial lead compounds.

Phytochemical analysis and anti-microbial activities of Artemisia spp. and rapid isolation methods of artemisinin